Leon Litwack is the A.F. and May T. Morrison Professor of History at the University of California, Berkeley, former president of the Organization of American Historians (OAH, and Pulitzer-prize winning author. His publications include North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860 (1961); Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery (1980), winner of the Pulitzer and Francis Parkman prizes; Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow (1998); and How Free is Free? The Long Death of Jim Crow (2009).